The development of emotional overeating: a longitudinal twin study from toddlerhood to early adolescence

Abstract

Background: Previous research has estimated the genetic and environmental contribution to individual differences in emotional overeating in toddlerhood and early childhood. However, little is known how this behaviour tracks into adolescence. Here, we aimed to replicated previous work and examine the aetiology of stability and change in emotional overeating across time. Methods: Data were from the UK Gemini Twin Study, which includes 2402 twin pairs born in 2007. Parents reported on children’s emotional overeating at 16 months (n = 3784), 5 years (n = 2064), and 12 years (n = 964), using the Emotional Overeating Scale of the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) at 5 and 12 years, and the CEBQ-T (toddler version) at 16 months. A Cholesky Decomposition twin model was used to quantify the additive genetic, shared, and nonshared environmental influences on emotional overeating at each time point, partitioned into aetiological effects unique to each age and those carried across time. Results: Additive genetic effects were minimal at 16 months and 5 years (9% and 7% respectively) but increased to 34% by 12 years. Shared environmental effects explained the majority of variance in emotional overeating at all three time points, but significantly less at 12 years (41%) than earlier (> 81%). The longitudinal phenotypic associations (r = 0.23–0.43) were explained by the shared environment. Conclusion: The shared environment plays a major role in the development of emotional overeating in early life. Most aetiological influences on emotional overeating were unique to each age, indicating the need for family-based interventions targeted to each developmental stage.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-025-01714-x
Divisions: College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Psychology
College of Health & Life Sciences > Aston Institute of Health & Neurodevelopment (AIHN)
College of Health & Life Sciences
Aston University (General)
Funding Information: This research was supported by the Economic and Social Research Council UK (ES/v014153/1).
Additional Information: Copyright © The Author(s) 2025. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Uncontrolled Keywords: Gemini twin study,Behaviour genetics,Developmental psychology,Eating behaviour
Publication ISSN: 1479-5868
Last Modified: 31 Mar 2025 17:41
Date Deposited: 11 Feb 2025 09:48
Full Text Link:
Related URLs: https://ijbnpa. ... 966-025-01714-x (Publisher URL)
http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2025-02-10
Published Online Date: 2025-02-10
Accepted Date: 2025-01-22
Authors: Madhavan, Vaishnavi K.
Nas, Zeynep
Blissett, Jacqueline (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-0275-6413)
Llewellyn, Clare
Herle, Moritz

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