Upcycling Coffee Waste: Key Industrial Activities for Advancing Circular Economy and Overcoming Commercialization Challenges

Abstract

The valorization of coffee waste has gained traction due to its potential to generate valuable products, lessen its impact on the environment, and promote sustainability. This review examines the diverse range of coffee waste, including pulp, husk, mucilage, and parchment from the upstream processing of green beans, as well as silverskin (coffee chaff) and spent coffee grounds (SCGs) generated during roasting and brewing. These materials are identified as valuable raw inputs for biorefineries pursuing a bio-circular economy. Recent research has yielded several viable applications for these by-products, categorized into four main areas: (1) agriculture, (2) biofuels and bioenergy, (3) biochemicals and biomaterials, and (4) food ingredients and nutraceuticals. Despite significant advancements in research, the industrial application of coffee waste remains limited. This review summarizes the global commercialization landscape, highlighting that SCGs are particularly advantageous for large-scale upcycling, with applications spanning agriculture, biofuels, and biochemicals. In contrast, coffee husk is primarily utilized in food ingredients and nutraceuticals. The review also addresses the challenges and constraints that must be overcome to facilitate successful commercialization.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12122851
Divisions: College of Engineering & Physical Sciences
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute (EBRI)
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > School of Infrastructure and Sustainable Engineering > Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry
Funding Information: This research was supported by Silpakorn University under the Postdoctoral fellowship program, the 2020–2021 Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) block grant funded by the UK Research and Innovation (Aston University), The Office of the Permanent Secret
Additional Information: Copyright © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Uncontrolled Keywords: food waste valorization; agriculture; functional food; renewable energy; biomaterial; active packaging; circular bio-economy; bio-based economy; perspective
Publication ISSN: 2227-9717
Last Modified: 31 Mar 2025 07:27
Date Deposited: 03 Jan 2025 18:01
Full Text Link:
Related URLs: https://www.mdp ... 9717/12/12/2851 (Publisher URL)
http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2024-12
Published Online Date: 2024-12-12
Accepted Date: 2024-12-10
Authors: Pongsiriyakul, Kanokthip
Wongsurakul, Peerawat
Kiatkittipong, Worapon
Premashthira, Aerwadee
Kuldilok, Kulapa
Najdanovic-Visak, Vesna (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-1035-0982)
Adhikari, Sushil
Cognet, Patrick
Kida, Tetsuya
Assabumrungrat, Suttichai

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