Tunney, Richard and Raybould, Jodie (2024). Factor Analysis of Impulsivity in Gaming Disorder and Internet Gaming Disorder. BMC Psychiatry, 24 (1),
Abstract
Background: Research suggests that a two-factor model of impulsivity predicts Substance Use Disorder and Gambling Disorder. We aimed to determine whether a similar factor structure was present for Gaming Disorder (GD) and Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). Methods: Secondary data analysis was conducted on survey responses from 372 participants who had completed a series of questions on facets of impulsivity and their involvement in gaming. Participants were sampled from gaming forums and an online recruitment website. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the measures of trait impulsivity, and the identified factors were then analyzed against measures of Gaming Disorder and Internet Gaming Disorder. A confirmatory factor analysis was then run to confirm the model. Results: The exploratory results suggested a five-factor model of impulsivity, with gaming being related to all five factors. Interestingly, only two of those factors (Urgency (Positive Urgency, Negative Urgency, Delay Discounting) and (Impaired) Inhibitory Control (False Button Presses on Go/No-Go Tasks)) predicted symptom counts above the clinical cut-off for IGD. In addition, Urgency was related to symptom counts above 7/9 criteria for IGD, as well as symptom counts above the suggested clinical cut-off for GD. The confirmatory factor analysis suggested that this two-factor model of impulsivity had ‘good fit.’ Conclusions: This two-factor model of impulsivity is similar to those found in established addiction disorders, in that one factor appears to predict more problematic involvement than the other. However, the results indicate that Urgency predicts higher symptom counts than (Impaired) Inhibitory Control. This contrasts with previous findings on substance use and gambling, where (Impaired) Inhibitory Control was the factor predicting problematic use. However, there was evidence to suggest that gaming is similar to alcohol consumption, where socially acceptable, “healthy,” use is related to impulsivity at some level, but Urgency is key in the transition from recreational to disordered behavior.
Publication DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-06072-9 |
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Divisions: | College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Psychology Aston University (General) |
Funding Information: | The data collection for this study was funded by Aston University, Birmingham as part of a PhD studentship. Aston University was not involved in the study design, data collection, analysis, or write-up. Ethical approval was granted by the Aston University |
Additional Information: | Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Addiction,DSM-5,Factor analysis,Gaming,Gaming disorder,ICD-11,Impulsivity,Internet gaming disorder,Psychiatry and Mental health |
Publication ISSN: | 1471-244X |
Data Access Statement: | The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are available in the Open Science Framework repository, https://osf.io/er3wg/. The data and materials used for this analysis were part of a pre-registered study at osf.io/mz4wh. The analysis for this study was also pre-registered at https://osf.io/kg6pj. |
Last Modified: | 02 Dec 2024 09:08 |
Date Deposited: | 06 Nov 2024 12:55 |
Full Text Link: | |
Related URLs: |
https://bmcpsyc ... 888-024-06072-9
(Publisher URL) http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL) |
PURE Output Type: | Article |
Published Date: | 2024-12 |
Published Online Date: | 2024-10-03 |
Accepted Date: | 2024-09-10 |
Authors: |
Tunney, Richard
(
0000-0003-4673-757X)
Raybould, Jodie |
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