The Gaming Problem: A Latent Class Analysis of DSM-5 Criteria For Internet Gaming Disorder In A Non-Clinical Sample

Abstract

Background: In this study we aimed to test whether suggested DSM-5 criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) share a similar latent structure to formally recognised addiction. Methods: We used latent class analysis on a dichotomous measure of IGD. The data was collected from a convenient general population sample (500) and a targeted gaming forum sample (236). Results: We found a four or six-class model to be most appropriate, ranging from ‘ casual/non-gamer’ to ‘ potentially disordered’ with increasing symptom severity. The majority of ‘ potentially disordered’ gamers (5+ criteria) were found to be 18-30 years old, and no ‘ potentially disordered’ gamers were over 42. Conclusions: The results suggest that gaming may share a similar latent structure to established addictions, with adolescents and young adults being more at risk. Studies replicating these results would be beneficial, with further emphasis on a critical evaluation of the criteria and symptom cut-off point.