Do Tobacco Companies Have an Incentive to Promote “Harm Reduction” Products?: The Role of Competition

Abstract

Introduction Some cigarette companies have started to talk about replacing cigarettes with less harmful alternatives, which might include nicotine vaping products (NVPs), heated tobacco products (HTPs), and oral nicotine delivery products. We consider market competition as a primary driver of whether cigarette companies follow through on their stated intentions. Aims and Methods We focus on the behavior of cigarette companies in the United States. We compare competition in the pre- and post-2012 time periods, analyze the impact of the growth in NVPs on smoking prevalence and cigarette company profits, and examine the potential future role of competition. Results Since 2006, consumers have broadened their use of non-combustible nicotine delivery products (NCNDPs) to include, inter alia, NVPs, HTPs, and oral nicotine pouches. U.S. cigarette companies have acquired major stakes in each of these product categories which corresponds to a period of rapidly declining adult smoking prevalence, especially among younger adults (ages 18–24 years). The shifting dynamics of the nicotine product marketplace are also reflected in cigarette company stock prices. While cigarette companies are likely to promote HTPs and nicotine delivery products over NVPs, their incentives will be directly related to competition from independent firms, which in turn will depend on government regulation. Conclusions Although cigarette companies will back alternatives to combusted tobacco when threatened by competition, the prospects for their lasting conversion to NCNDPs will depend on the extent of such competition, which will be influenced by government regulation of tobacco products. Implications Regulations that limit competition from independent firms while also protecting cigarette company profits risk slowing or even reversing recent declines in smoking, especially among youth and young adults. Regulations that reduce the appeal and addictiveness of combusted tobacco products, such as higher cigarette taxes or a reduced nicotine standard, will encourage smokers to quit and/or switch to less harmful non-combusted forms of tobacco. The regulation of non-combustible nicotine delivery products and cigarettes should be proportionate to their relative risks, so that smokers have incentives to switch from combustibles to safer alternatives, and cigarette companies have incentives to promote safer products.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntad014
Divisions: College of Business and Social Sciences > School of Social Sciences & Humanities > Sociology and Policy
College of Business and Social Sciences > School of Social Sciences & Humanities
College of Business and Social Sciences > School of Social Sciences & Humanities > Centre for Health and Society
Aston University (General)
Funding Information: DTL, AL, LMSR, and KMC received funding funded through National Cancer Institute (NCI) Internationa Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project grant P01CA200512. FT received funding through Cancer Research UK grants A23886 and A28909. DTL and FT would like
Additional Information: Copyright © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Uncontrolled Keywords: Adolescent,Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems,Humans,Motivation,Nicotine,Smoking,Tobacco,Tobacco Products,United States/epidemiology,Vaping/epidemiology,Young Adult
Publication ISSN: 1469-994X
Last Modified: 14 Oct 2024 12:33
Date Deposited: 25 Jul 2023 13:20
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Related URLs: https://academi ... 0361?login=true (Publisher URL)
http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2023-12
Published Online Date: 2023-01-24
Accepted Date: 2023-01-23
Authors: Levy, David T
Thirlway, Frances (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-8882-544X)
Sweanor, David
Liber, Alex
Sanchez-Romero, Luz Maria
Meza, Rafael
Douglas, Clifford E
Cummings, K Michael

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