Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Corneal Neuroimmune Features in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Aim: To determine the impact of chronic kidney disease on corneal nerve measures and dendritic cell counts in type 2 diabetes. Methods: In vivo corneal confocal microscopy images were used to estimate corneal nerve parameters and compared in people with type 2 diabetes with chronic kidney disease (T2DM-CKD) (n = 29) and those with type 2 diabetes without chronic kidney disease (T2DM-no CKD) (n = 29), along with 30 healthy controls. Corneal dendritic cell densities were compared between people with T2DM-CKD and those with T2DM-no CKD. The groups were matched for neuropathy status. Results: There was a significant difference in corneal nerve fiber density (p < 0.01) and corneal nerve fiber length (p = 0.04) between T2DM-CKD and T2DM-no CKD groups. The two diabetes groups had reduced corneal nerve parameters compared to healthy controls (all parameters: p < 0.01). Immature central dendritic cell density was significantly higher in the T2DM-CKD group compared to the T2DM-no CKD group ((7.0 (3.8−12.8) and 3.5 (1.4−13.4) cells/mm2, respectively, p < 0.05). Likewise, central mature dendritic cell density was significantly higher in the T2DM-CKD group compared to the T2DM-no CKD group (0.8 (0.4−2.2) and 0.4 (0.6−1.1) cells/mm2, respectively, p = 0.02). Additionally, total central dendritic cell density was increased in the T2DM-CKD group compared to T2DM-no CKD group (10.4 (4.3−16.1) and 3.9 (2.1−21.0) cells/mm2, respectively, p = 0.03). Conclusion: The study showed that central corneal dendritic cell density is increased in T2DM-CKD compared to T2DM-no CKD, with groups matched for peripheral neuropathy severity. This is accompanied by a loss of central corneal nerve fibers. The findings raise the possibility of additional local factors exacerbating central corneal nerve injury in people with diabetic chronic kidney disease.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010016
Divisions: College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Optometry > Optometry
College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Optometry
Additional Information: Copyright © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Publication ISSN: 2077-0383
Last Modified: 30 Sep 2024 13:26
Date Deposited: 21 Jun 2023 08:12
Full Text Link:
Related URLs: https://www.mdp ... 77-0383/12/1/16 (Publisher URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2022-12-20
Accepted Date: 2022-12-16
Authors: Asiedu, Kofi
Markoulli, Maria
Tummanapalli, Shyam Sunder
Chiang, Jeremy Chung Bo (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-6133-7411)
Alotaibi, Sultan
Wang, Leiao Leon
Dhanapalaratnam, Roshan
Kwai, Natalie
Poynten, Ann
Krishnan, Arun V

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