Merriel, Abi, Wilson, Amie, Decker, Emily, Hussein, Julia, Larkin, Michael, Barnard, Katie, O’Dair, Millie, Costello, Anthony, Malata, Address and Coomarasamy, Arri (2022). Systematic review and narrative synthesis of the impact of Appreciative Inquiry in healthcare. BMJ Open Quality, 11 (2),
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Appreciative Inquiry is a motivational, organisational change intervention, which can be used to improve the quality and safety of healthcare. It encourages organisations to focus on the positive and investigate the best of 'what is' before thinking of 'what might be', deciding 'what should be' and experiencing 'what can be'. Its effects in healthcare are poorly understood. This review seeks to evaluate whether Appreciative Inquiry can improve healthcare. METHODS: Major electronic databases and grey literature were searched. Two authors identified reports of Appreciative Inquiry in clinical settings by screening study titles, abstracts and full texts. Data extraction, in duplicate, grouped outcomes into an adapted Kirkpatrick model: participant reaction, attitudes, knowledge/skills, behaviour change, organisational change and patient outcomes. RESULTS: We included 33 studies. One randomised controlled trial, 9 controlled observational studies, 4 qualitative studies and 19 non-controlled observational reports. Study quality was generally poor, with most having significant risk of bias. Studies report that Appreciative Inquiry impacts outcomes at all Kirkpatrick levels. Participant reaction was positive in the 16 studies reporting it. Attitudes changed in the seventeen studies that reported them. Knowledge/skills changed in the 14 studies that reported it, although in one it was not universal. Behaviour change occurred in 12 of the 13 studies reporting it. Organisational change occurred in all 23 studies that reported it. Patient outcomes were reported in eight studies, six of which reported positive changes and two of which showed no change. CONCLUSION: There is minimal empirical evidence to support the effectiveness of Appreciative Inquiry in improving healthcare. However, the qualitative and observational evidence suggests that Appreciative Inquiry may have a positive impact on clinical care, leading to improved patient and organisational outcomes. It is, therefore, worthy of consideration when trying to deliver improvements in care. However, high-quality studies are needed to prove its effects. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42015014485.
Publication DOI: | https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2022-001911 |
---|---|
Divisions: | College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Psychology College of Health & Life Sciences > Aston Institute of Health & Neurodevelopment (AIHN) College of Health & Life Sciences |
Additional Information: | © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Humans,Delivery of Health Care,Health Facilities,Organizational Innovation,Qualitative Research |
Publication ISSN: | 2399-6641 |
Last Modified: | 04 Nov 2024 09:03 |
Date Deposited: | 21 Jun 2022 08:47 |
Full Text Link: | |
Related URLs: |
https://bmjopen ... /2/e001911.info
(Publisher URL) |
PURE Output Type: | Review article |
Published Date: | 2022-06-16 |
Accepted Date: | 2022-05-31 |
Submitted Date: | 2022-03-22 |
Authors: |
Merriel, Abi
Wilson, Amie Decker, Emily Hussein, Julia Larkin, Michael ( 0000-0003-3304-7000) Barnard, Katie O’Dair, Millie Costello, Anthony Malata, Address Coomarasamy, Arri |