Combustion of fuel blends containing digestate pyrolysis oil in a multi-cylinder compression ignition engine

Abstract

Digestate from the anaerobic digestion conversion process is widely used as a farm land fertiliser. This study proposes an alternative use as a source of energy. Dried digestate was pyrolysed and the resulting oil was blended with waste cooking oil and butanol (10, 20 and 30 vol.%). The physical and chemical properties of the pyrolysis oil blends were measured and compared with pure fossil diesel and waste cooking oil. The blends were tested in a multi-cylinder indirect injection compression ignition engine.Engine combustion, exhaust gas emissions and performance parameters were measured and compared with pure fossil diesel operation. The ASTM copper corrosion values for 20% and 30% pyrolysis blends were 2c, compared to 1b for fossil diesel. The kinematic viscosities of the blends at 40 C were 5–7 times higher than that of fossil diesel. Digested pyrolysis oil blends produced lower in-cylinder peak pressures than fossil diesel and waste cooking oil operation. The maximum heat release rates of the blends were approximately 8% higher than with fossil diesel. The ignition delay periods of the blends were higher; pyrolysis oil blends started to combust late and once combustion started burnt quicker than fossil diesel. The total burning duration of the 20% and 30% blends were decreased by 12% and 3% compared to fossil diesel. At full engine load, the brake thermal efficiencies of the blends were decreased by about 3–7% when compared to fossil diesel. The pyrolysis blends gave lower smoke levels; at full engine load, smoke level of the 20% blend was 44% lower than fossil diesel. In comparison to fossil diesel and at full load, the brake specific fuel consumption (wt.) of the 30% and 20% blends were approximately 32% and 15% higher. At full engine load, the CO emission of the 20% and 30% blends were decreased by 39% and 66% with respect to the fossil diesel. Blends CO2 emissions were similar to that of fossil diesel; at full engine load, 30% blend produced approximately 5% higher CO2 emission than fossil diesel. The study concludes that on the basis of short term engine experiment up to 30% blend of pyrolysis oil from digestate of arable crops can be used in a compression ignition engine.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.12.012
Divisions: College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > School of Engineering and Technology > Mechanical, Biomedical & Design
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > School of Infrastructure and Sustainable Engineering > Engineering Systems and Supply Chain Management
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > Sustainable environment research group
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > School of Infrastructure and Sustainable Engineering > Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > Energy and Bioproducts Research Institute (EBRI)
College of Engineering & Physical Sciences > Aston Institute of Materials Research (AIMR)
Additional Information: © 2015, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Funding: FP7/2007–2013 (grant 286244)
Uncontrolled Keywords: CI engine,anaerobic digestion,intermediate pyrolysis,digestate ,combustion,emission
Publication ISSN: 1873-7153
Last Modified: 30 Sep 2024 10:46
Date Deposited: 19 Aug 2019 10:07
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Related URLs: http://www.scop ... tnerID=MN8TOARS (Scopus URL)
https://www.sci ... 265X?via%3Dihub (Publisher URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2016-05-01
Published Online Date: 2015-12-23
Accepted Date: 2015-12-10
Authors: Hossain, A.K. (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-8713-8058)
Serrano, C. (ORCID Profile 0000-0001-9503-3558)
Brammer, J. (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-0487-515X)
Omran, A. (ORCID Profile 0000-0003-2446-5657)
Ahmed, F.
Smith, D.I.
Davies, P.A. (ORCID Profile 0000-0003-4783-1234)

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