Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification

Abstract

Zn–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of general formula [Zn2+(1−x)Al3+x(OH)2]x+(CO32−)x/2·yH2O are promising solid base catalysts for the transesterification of lipids to biofuels. However, conventional synthetic routes employ alkali hydroxide/carbonate precipitants which may contaminate the final LDH catalyst and biofuel. The use of (NH3)2CO3 and NH3OH as precipitants affords alkali-free Zn–Al-LDHs spanning a wide composition range. The hydrothermal reconstruction of calcined Zn–Al-LDHs offers superior solid basicity and catalytic activity for the transesterification of C4–C18 triglycerides with methanol, compared with cold liquid phase or vapour phase reconstruction. Hydrothermally activated Zn3.3–Al-LDH was stable towards leaching during transesterification.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120667
Divisions: College of Engineering & Physical Sciences
Additional Information: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
Publication ISSN: 2073-4344
Last Modified: 14 Nov 2024 08:09
Date Deposited: 07 Jan 2019 10:44
Full Text Link:
Related URLs: http://www.mdpi ... 3-4344/8/12/667 (Publisher URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2018-12-18
Accepted Date: 2018-12-13
Authors: Tajuddin, Nazrizawati
Manayil, Jinesh (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-9864-3332)
Isaacs, Mark
Parlett, Christopher (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-3651-7314)
Lee, Adam
Wilson, Karen

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