Thangaratinam, Shakila, Allotey, John, Marlin, Nadine, Mol, Ben W., von Dadelszen, Peter, Ganzevoort, Wessel, Akkermans, Joost, Ahmed, Asif, Daniels, Jane, Deeks, Jon, Ismail, Khaled, Barnard, Ann Marie, Dodds, Julie, Kerry, Sally, Moons, Carl, Riley, Richard D. and Khan, Khalid S. (2017). Development and validation of Prediction models for Risks of complications in Early-onset Pre-eclampsia (PREP):a prospective cohort study. Health Technology Assessment, 21 (18),
Abstract
Background: The prognosis of early-onset pre-eclampsia (before 34 weeks’ gestation) is variable. Accurate prediction of complications is required to plan appropriate management in high-risk women. Objective: To develop and validate prediction models for outcomes in early-onset pre-eclampsia. Design: Prospective cohort for model development, with validation in two external data sets. Setting: Model development: 53 obstetric units in the UK. Model transportability: PIERS (Pre-eclampsia Integrated Estimate of RiSk for mothers) and PETRA (Pre-Eclampsia TRial Amsterdam) studies. Participants: Pregnant women with early-onset pre-eclampsia. Sample size: Nine hundred and forty-six women in the model development data set and 850 women (634 in PIERS, 216 in PETRA) in the transportability (external validation) data sets. Predictors: The predictors were identified from systematic reviews of tests to predict complications in pre-eclampsia and were prioritised by Delphi survey. Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was the composite of adverse maternal outcomes established using Delphi surveys. The secondary outcome was the composite of fetal and neonatal complications. Analysis: We developed two prediction models: a logistic regression model (PREP-L) to assess the overall risk of any maternal outcome until postnatal discharge and a survival analysis model (PREP-S) to obtain individual risk estimates at daily intervals from diagnosis until 34 weeks. Shrinkage was used to adjust for overoptimism of predictor effects. For internal validation (of the full models in the development data) and external validation (of the reduced models in the transportability data), we computed the ability of the models to discriminate between those with and without poor outcomes (c-statistic), and the agreement between predicted and observed risk (calibration slope). Results: The PREP-L model included maternal age, gestational age at diagnosis, medical history, systolic blood pressure, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, platelet count, serum urea concentration, oxygen saturation, baseline treatment with antihypertensive drugs and administration of magnesium sulphate. The PREP-S model additionally included exaggerated tendon reflexes and serum alanine aminotransaminase and creatinine concentration. Both models showed good discrimination for maternal complications, with an optimism-adjusted c-statistic of 0.82 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.80 to 0.84] for PREP-L and 0.75 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.78) for the PREP-S model in the internal validation. External validation of the reduced PREP-L model showed good performance with a c-statistic of 0.81 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.85) in PIERS and 0.75 (95% CI 0.64 to 0.86) in PETRA cohorts for maternal complications, and calibrated well with slopes of 0.93 (95% CI 0.72 to 1.10) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.48 to 1.32), respectively. In the PIERS data set, the reduced PREP-S model had a c-statistic of 0.71 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.75) and a calibration slope of 0.67 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.79). Low gestational age at diagnosis, high urine protein-to-creatinine ratio, increased serum urea concentration, treatment with antihypertensive drugs, magnesium sulphate, abnormal uterine artery Doppler scan findings and estimated fetal weight below the 10th centile were associated with fetal complications. Conclusions: The PREP-L model provided individualised risk estimates in early-onset pre-eclampsia to plan management of high-or low-risk individuals. The PREP-S model has the potential to be used as a triage tool for risk assessment. The impacts of the model use on outcomes need further evaluation.
Publication DOI: | https://doi.org/10.3310/hta21180 |
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Divisions: | College of Health & Life Sciences > Aston Medical School |
Additional Information: | © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2017. This work was produced by Thangaratinam et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK. |
Uncontrolled Keywords: | Health Policy |
Publication ISSN: | 2046-4924 |
Last Modified: | 09 Dec 2024 08:18 |
Date Deposited: | 30 May 2017 13:30 |
Full Text Link: | |
Related URLs: |
http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK
(Scopus URL) |
PURE Output Type: | Review article |
Published Date: | 2017-04-30 |
Accepted Date: | 2017-04-01 |
Authors: |
Thangaratinam, Shakila
Allotey, John Marlin, Nadine Mol, Ben W. von Dadelszen, Peter Ganzevoort, Wessel Akkermans, Joost Ahmed, Asif ( 0000-0002-8755-8546) Daniels, Jane Deeks, Jon Ismail, Khaled Barnard, Ann Marie Dodds, Julie Kerry, Sally Moons, Carl Riley, Richard D. Khan, Khalid S. |