Contradictory reasoning network:an EEG and FMRI study

Abstract

Contradiction is a cornerstone of human rationality, essential for everyday life and communication. We investigated electroencephalographic (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in separate recording sessions during contradictory judgments, using a logical structure based on categorical propositions of the Aristotelian Square of Opposition (ASoO). The use of ASoO propositions, while controlling for potential linguistic or semantic confounds, enabled us to observe the spatial temporal unfolding of this contradictory reasoning. The processing started with the inversion of the logical operators corresponding to right middle frontal gyrus (rMFG-BA11) activation, followed by identification of contradictory statement associated with in the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG-BA47) activation. Right medial frontal gyrus (rMeFG, BA10) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC, BA32) contributed to the later stages of process. We observed a correlation between the delayed latency of rBA11 response and the reaction time delay during inductive vs. deductive reasoning. This supports the notion that rBA11 is crucial for manipulating the logical operators. Slower processing time and stronger brain responses for inductive logic suggested that examples are easier to process than general principles and are more likely to simplify communication. © 2014 Porcaro et al.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092835
Divisions: College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Psychology
College of Health & Life Sciences > Clinical and Systems Neuroscience
College of Health & Life Sciences > Aston Institute of Health & Neurodevelopment (AIHN)
College of Health & Life Sciences
Additional Information: © 2014 Porcaro et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Uncontrolled Keywords: logical reasoning,neuroimaging,functional MRI,electroencephalography,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine
Publication ISSN: 1932-6203
Last Modified: 30 Sep 2024 10:22
Date Deposited: 28 May 2014 08:25
Full Text Link: http://www.plos ... al.pone.0092835
Related URLs: http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2014-03-25
Authors: Porcaro, Camillo
Medaglia, Maria Teresa
Thai, Ngoc Jade
Seri, Stefano (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-9247-8102)
Rotshtein, Pia
Tecchio, Franca

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