Carnosine:can understanding its actions on energy metabolism and protein homeostasis inform its therapeutic potential?

Abstract

The dipeptide carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) has contrasting but beneficial effects on cellular activity. It delays cellular senescence and rejuvenates cultured senescent mammalian cells. However, it also inhibits the growth of cultured tumour cells. Based on studies in several organisms, we speculate that carnosine exerts these apparently opposing actions by affecting energy metabolism and/or protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Specific effects on energy metabolism include the dipeptide's influence on cellular ATP concentrations. Carnosine's ability to reduce the formation of altered proteins (typically adducts of methylglyoxal) and enhance proteolysis of aberrant polypeptides is indicative of its influence on proteostasis. Furthermore these dual actions might provide a rationale for the use of carnosine in the treatment or prevention of diverse age-related conditions where energy metabolism or proteostasis are compromised. These include cancer, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and the complications of type-2 diabetes (nephropathy, cataracts, stroke and pain), which might all benefit from knowledge of carnosine's mode of action on human cells. © 2013 Hipkiss et al.; licensee Chemistry Central Ltd.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-153X-7-38
Divisions: College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Biosciences
College of Health & Life Sciences
College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Biosciences > Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine
Additional Information: © 2013 Hipkiss et al.; licensee Chemistry Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Uncontrolled Keywords: carnosine,energy metabolism,reactive oxygen species,methylglyoxal,proteolysis,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,diabetes,cancer,yeast,Chemistry(all)
Publication ISSN: 1752-153X
Last Modified: 07 Mar 2024 17:45
Date Deposited: 29 Apr 2013 13:42
Full Text Link: http://journal. ... /content/7/1/38
Related URLs: http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2013-02-25
Authors: Hipkiss, Alan R.
Cartwright, Stephanie P.
Bromley, Clare
Gross, Stephane R. (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-0867-8866)
Bill, Roslyn M. (ORCID Profile 0000-0003-1331-0852)

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