Predicting dyslexia using prereading skills:the role of sensorimotor and cognitive abilities

Abstract

Background: It is well established that phonological awareness, print knowledge and rapid naming predict later reading difficulties. However, additional auditory, visual and motor difficulties have also been observed in dyslexic children. It is examined to what extent these difficulties can be used to predict later literacy difficulties. Method: An unselected sample of 267 children at school entry completed a wide battery of tasks associated with dyslexia. Their reading was tested 2, 3 and 4 years later and poor readers were identified (n = 42). Logistic regression and multiple case study approaches were used to examine the predictive validity of different tasks. Results: As expected, print knowledge, verbal short-term memory, phonological awareness and rapid naming were good predictors of later poor reading. Deficits in visual search and in auditory processing were also present in a large minority of the poor readers. Almost all poor readers showed deficits in at least one area at school entry, but there was no single deficit that characterised the majority of poor readers. Conclusions: Results are in line with Pennington’s (2006) multiple deficits view of dyslexia. They indicate that the causes of poor reading outcome are multiple, interacting and probabilistic, rather than deterministic. Keywords: Dyslexia; educational attainment; longitudinal studies; prediction; phonological processing.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12488
Divisions: College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Psychology
College of Health & Life Sciences > Clinical and Systems Neuroscience
College of Health & Life Sciences
College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Optometry > Vision, Hearing and Language
Additional Information: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made. Funding: ESRC (RES-000-22-1401); Leverhulme Trust; and the British Academy
Uncontrolled Keywords: dyslexia,educational attainment,longitudinal studies,prediction,phonological processing,Psychiatry and Mental health,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health,Developmental and Educational Psychology
Publication ISSN: 1469-7610
Last Modified: 26 Feb 2024 08:14
Date Deposited: 16 Dec 2015 14:55
Full Text Link:
Related URLs: http://www.scop ... tnerID=8YFLogxK (Scopus URL)
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2016-06
Published Online Date: 2015-12-12
Accepted Date: 2015-10-16
Authors: Carroll, Julia M.
Solity, Jonathan
Shapiro, Laura R. (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-3276-457X)

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