Endothelial NADPH oxidase-2 promotes interstitial cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction through proinflammatory effects and endothelial-mesenchymal transition

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to investigate the effect of endothelial dysfunction on the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction accompanies cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, but its contribution to these conditions is unclear. Increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-2 (NOX2) activation causes endothelial dysfunction. METHODS: Transgenic mice with endothelial-specific NOX2 overexpression (TG mice) and wild-type littermates received long-term angiotensin II (AngII) infusion (1.1 mg/kg/day, 2 weeks) to induce hypertrophy and fibrosis. RESULTS: TG mice had systolic hypertension and hypertrophy similar to those seen in wild-type mice but developed greater cardiac fibrosis and evidence of isolated left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (p < 0.05). TG myocardium had more inflammatory cells and VCAM-1-positive vessels than did wild-type myocardium after AngII treatment (both p < 0.05). TG microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) treated with AngII recruited 2-fold more leukocytes than did wild-type ECs in an in vitro adhesion assay (p < 0.05). However, inflammatory cell NOX2 per se was not essential for the profibrotic effects of AngII. TG showed a higher level of endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) than did wild-type mice after AngII infusion. In cultured ECs treated with AngII, NOX2 enhanced EMT as assessed by the relative expression of fibroblast versus endothelial-specific markers. CONCLUSIONS: AngII-induced endothelial NOX2 activation has profound profibrotic effects in the heart in vivo that lead to a diastolic dysfunction phenotype. Endothelial NOX2 enhances EMT and has proinflammatory effects. This may be an important mechanism underlying cardiac fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction during increased renin-angiotensin activation.

Publication DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.02.572
Divisions: College of Health & Life Sciences > School of Biosciences
College of Health & Life Sciences > Aston Medical School
Additional Information: © 2014, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Uncontrolled Keywords: inflammation mediators,cardiomegaly,cultured cells,vascular endothelium,fibrosis,diastolic heart failure,mesenchymal stromal cells,left ventricular dysfunction,membrane glycoproteins,transgenic mice,NADPH oxidase,mice
Publication ISSN: 1558-3597
Last Modified: 23 Feb 2024 08:07
Date Deposited: 25 Nov 2014 15:20
PURE Output Type: Article
Published Date: 2014-06-24
Authors: Murdoch, Colin E. (ORCID Profile 0000-0002-0274-819X)
Chaubey, Sanjay
Zeng, Lingfang
Yu, Bin
Ivetic, Aleksander
Walker, Simon J.
Vanhoutte, Davy
Heymans, Stephane
Grieve, David J.
Cave, Alison C.
Brewer, Alison C.
Zhang, Min
Shah, Ajay M.

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